( Grisette)

Agaricus albus Bull.
Agaricus fungites Batsch
Agaricus hyalinus Schaeff.
Agaricus hyperboreus P.Karst.
Agaricus plumbeus Schaeff.
Agaricus plumbeus subsp. plumbeus
Agaricus strangulatus Fr.
Agaricus urceolatus Viv.
Agaricus urceolatus var. spadiceus Viv.
Agaricus vaginatus Bull.
Agaricus vaginatus f. fulvus Britzelm.

Amanitaceae

ເຫັດລະໂງກແດງ/ Caesar's mushroom
ເຫັດລະໂງກເຫຼືອງ / Yellow Half-dyed slender Caesar Mushroom
ເຫັດໄຂ່ຫ່ານ / Head Man Slender Caesa
ເຫັດເຟືອງ/ Paddy straw mushroom

The mushroom cap ranges from 3 to 10 cm in diameter and is grey to greyish brown in colour. It starts off oval-shaped, gradually becoming conical, convex, and finally flattening out as it matures, sometimes developing a small, raised bump (umbo) in the centre [4]. The gills are white, either free from or narrowly attached to the stem, moderately crowded, and may show a greyish hue. Smaller, shorter gills (lamellae) are blunt or squared off at the edges (truncate) [5]. The flesh is white, thin, and remains unchanged in colour when bruised or damaged. The stem measures 8 to 22 cm in length and 1 to 2 cm in thickness, maintaining an even width along its length [6]. The stem surface is finely powdered near the top, featuring faint longitudinal striations. The base of the stem is encased in a loose, sack-like structure (volva), which can turn greyish or reddish-brown over time. The spore print is white [7].

N/A

Mixed coniferous and broadleaved forest

Native

Not invasive

Not applicable

None

Food
Medicine

Food: This mushroom can be eaten as soup or boiled. Medicine: According to experts, this mushroom contains antioxidants and could be used as a natural supplement in the pharmaceutical business. It may also help potentiality to combat against cancer, heart ailments, diabetes, inflammation, hepatic damage, high blood pressure, microbial pathogens [13].

Wild

N/A

N/A

N/A

Nutrient	/100g	Remark
Proteins	N/A	N/A
Carbohydrates	N/A	N/A
Fats	N/A	N/A
Vitamins	N/A	N/A
Minerals	N/A	N/A
Fibers	N/A	N/A

Two Grisette Mushrooms. [1] Waarneming [Online]. Uploaded on 22 October 2022 by: Nico Ploumen. Available: https://waarneming.nl/observation/257716862/. [Accessed: 13 October 2024]
Single Grisette Mushroom. [2] NABU Naturgucker [Online]. Uploaded on 5 November 2023 by: Andre Fischer. Available: https://nabu-naturgucker.de/natur.dll/0ng9sEDLUfEmzsfbN0-gCFMQgNW/. [Accessed: 13 October 2024]
Upclose image from the gills of the Grisette Mushroom. [3] Observation.org [Online]. Uploaded on 16 November 2023 by: Carlos Miñambres. Available: https://observation.org/photos/81103931/. [Accessed: 13 October 2024]

[4] D. Arora, Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi. Berkeley, Calif: Ten Speed Press, 1986, p. 288. [Online]. Available: Internet Archive. [Accessed: 13 October 2024]
[5] D. B. Jenkins, Amanita of North America, Eureka, Calif: Mad River Press, p. 71, 1986
[6] R. A. Healy, D. R. Huffman, L. H. Tiffany, and G. Knaphaus, Mushrooms and Other Fungi of the Midcontinental United States (Bur Oak Guide), Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, p. 55, 2008.
[7] M. Kuo, "Amanita vaginata," MushroomExpert.com. [Online]. Available: https://www.mushroomexpert.com/amanita_vaginata.html. [Accessed: 13 October 2024]
[8] Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), “Amanita vaginata (Bull.) Lam.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gbif.org/species/5240306. [Accessed: 13 October 2024]
[9] ncrfungi, "ncrfungi.uark.edu." [Online]. Available: https://ncrfungi.uark.edu. [Accessed: 30 July 2024]
[10] K. Souvannakhoummane, "Ecological habitat of Mushrooms in Chomphet district, Luang Prabang province," ResearchGate, pp. 1-2, 2015.
[11] Forest Images, “Grisette, Amanita vaginata (Bull.) Lam.” [Online]. Available: https://www.forestryimages.org/browse/subinfo.cfm?cat=60&sub=57893. [Accessed: 30 July 2024]
[12] IUCN, “IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,” [Online]. Available: https://www.iucnredlist.org/. [Accessed: 30 July 2024]
[13] S. Paloi and K. Acharya, "Antioxidant Activities and Bioactive Compounds of Polyphenol Rich Extract from Amanita vaginata (Bull.) Lam.," International Journal of PharmTech Research, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 1645-1654, 2013.
[14] W. Lee and et al., Biodiversity of Lao PDR Phou Khao Khouay & Phosabous National Protected Area, Vientiane: National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), 2017.
[15] Wikipedia, "Amanita vaginata," 2024. [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanita_vaginata. [Accessed: Oct. 20, 2024].